10. April, 2015

ANSWER KEY Mitosis and Meiosis Quiz Review

1. How many chromatids does a human body cell have when it is just doing its job? 46

2. What are sister chromatids? When a copy is made of a DNA strand, it and its copy are called sister chromatids; they will connect at the centromere to form a chromosome

3. What are homologous chromatids/chromosomes? chromatids/chromosomes come in pairs – one from mom and one from dad – they have the same genes in the same location on the chromosome

4. How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have? 23

5. What is a cell doing during interphase? Doing its job; grows to its full size and if it is going to divide it then replicates and DNA and organelles.

6. What are the three stages of the cell life cycle? Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

7. What does mitosis mean? Division of the nucleus

8. How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis? 2

9. What are two reasons why cells undergo mitosis? Replace dead cells and to grow

10. Are body cells diploid or haploid? diploid

11. Are the daughter cells of a parent cell that underwent mitosis identical or different from the parent cell? identical

12. What is the purpose of meiosis? To produce gametes

13. What are the types of gametes? Sperm and egg

14. What is the name of a cell that will undergo meiosis to make gametes? Germ cell

15. How many cells are produced by meiosis? 4

16. Are gametes diploid or haploid? haploid

17. Why must gametes be haploid? Because when the gametes merge (sperm fertilized the egg) the DNA from both will be within one nucleus and must have the correct number of chromatids to form the organism

18. For humans what is the haploid number? 23

19. During interphase, DNA is in what form, chromatin, chromatid or chromosome? chromatin

20. What are the alleles for a human female and what are the alleles for a human male? Female is xx and male is xy

21. Which allele can the human mother ONLY pass on to her offspring? x

22. What takes place in meiosis that creates genetic diversity? Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

23. What do we call a fertilized human egg? Zygote

24. Is the fertilized egg diploid or haploid? diploid

25. Does the zygote grow into an embryo via mitosis or meiosis? mitosis

26. At how many weeks of age is the embryo called a fetus? 8 weeks

27. At how many weeks do the body’s organs begin to function? 8 weeks

28. What do we call variations of a gene? alleles